中文摘要：

【目的】甘草胭脂蚧Porphyrophora sophorae Arch.是一种典型的土栖性蚧虫。本研究旨在了解该虫触角的结构及其对土栖环境的适应性。【方法】利用光学显微镜、扫描和透射电子显微镜对甘草胭脂蚧雌成虫触角以及触角感受器进行了观察。【结果】甘草胭脂蚧雌成虫触角由9节组成,各触角节粗而短,各节间连接紧密,使触角形态呈现出较为粗壮的特点。在触角上分布着4种感受器29～48个,包括2～5个B9hm氏鬃毛,5～12个无孔毛形感受器,10～15个腔锥形感受器和11～22个多孔钉形感受器。根据各感受器的结构特点,判断它们分别具有自体感受、触觉感受、温湿度感受和嗅觉感受的功能。触角感受器主要分布在触角的3个节上,分别是：柄节,具2～4个B9hm氏鬃毛;第3鞭节,分布有6～10个腔锥形感受器;第7鞭节（即顶节）,大多数的感受器都分布在这一节的端部,包括3～8个腔锥形感受器,4～11个无孔毛形感受器和11～22个多孔钉形感受器。而在触角的其他节上几乎没有感受器分布。【结论】甘草胭脂蚧雌成虫触角有着许多不同于其他蚧虫触角的特点,这些特点是与其土栖性的生活方式相适应的。

英文摘要：

【Aim】Porphyrophora sophorae Arch.（ Hemiptera： Coccomorpha： Margarodidae） is a species of soil-inhabiting scale insects. This study aims to relate the structure and adaptability of the antennae to the soilinhabiting behaviors of P. sophorae. 【Methods 】The antennae and antennal sensilla of adult females of P.sophorae were observed under light microscopy（ LM）,scanning electron microscopy（ SEM） and transmission electron microscopy（ TEM）. 【Results】The results show that the antennae of adult females of P. sophorae are composed of nine segments. All of the antennal segments are short and wide,and the intersegments are compactly connected,which makes the antennae sturdy. A total of 29- 48 sensilla in four types,e. g.,2- 5B9hm＇s bristle（ Bb）,5- 12 aporous sensilla trichodea（ ASt）,10- 15 coeloconic sensilla（ Co） and 11- 22 multiporous pegs（ Mp） are observed on the antennae. According to their structures,the sensilla Bb,ASt,Co and Mp are speculated to function as a proprioreceptor,tactile sensilla,thermo-/ hygrosensory and olfactory sensilla,respectively. These sensilla are mainly located on three segments as follows： 2- 4 Bb on the scape;6- 10 Co on the flagellomere F3; and the largest number of sensilla,including 3- 8 Co,4- 11 ASt and 11-22 Mp on the flagellomere F7（ top segment）. The other segments have almost no sensillum. 【Conclusion】The antennae of the adult females of P. sophorae have many characteristics different from other scale insects,and these characteristics are adaptive to their soil-inhabiting behaviors.