中文摘要：

构建湖泊富营养化评价指标体系,采用升半Г型分布曲线模拟湖泊富营养化发展过程,在对该评价指标体系数据规范变换预处理基础上,通过对升半Г型分布函数进行改进,提出用于湖泊富营养化评价的升半Г型分布指数公式.公式中的参数采用粒子群算法优化后,得到适用于多区域、多项指标的具有通用性和普适性的湖泊富营养化评价公式.为了解成都市典型景观水体氮磷污染特性,分别于2011年和2015年对成都市典型景观湖泊水体进行水体富营养化监测和评价.评价过程表明,升半Г型分布指数公式用于湖泊富营养化评价,消除了评价指标数目多少的限制和区域性评价指标各异性的限制,省去了复杂的编程计算工作,具有一定的理论意义和实用价值,为评价模型的普适化、简单化提供了一条途径.评价结果表明：2015年北湖为中-富营养等级,东湖、南湖、簇锦湖和浣花溪湖为富-重富营养等级.2011年人民公园湖泊处于中-富等级,北湖、名都公园湖泊、东湖处于富-重富等级,塔子山公园湖泊、浣花溪湖处于重富-极富等级.塔子山公园、浣花溪湖、东湖、南湖周边生活小区聚集,主要受周边生活污水影响较大.通过对成都市市区典型湖泊富营养化评价,能够得知成都市景观水体水质现状,为景观水体防治和管理提供了决策依据.

英文摘要：

An evaluation index system of lake eutrophication was established,which includes 15 common monitoring indexes. A universal Г-type distribution formula for lake eutrophication evaluation was proposed based on the selected reference values of all indicators and the appropriate standardization transformation formula. through particle swarm optimization,we obtain a general and flexible formula suitable for multiple regions and multiple-indicators lake eutrophication evaluation. To shed light on the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution characteristics of Chengdu,some typical urban landscape waters were chosen to monitor and evaluate their eutrophication levels in 2011 and 2015. The universal Г-type distribution function,which is not restricted by the number of evaluation indexes and the difference between index systems,has great theoretical and practical significance,providing a new approach to lake eutrophication evaluation. Results suggest that in 2015,North Lake was in meso-eutrophic condition; East Lake,South Lake,Cujin Lake and Huanhuaxi Lake were in hyper-eutrophic condition. And in 2011,North Lake,Mingdu Park and East Lake were in hyper-eutrophic condition; People Park was in meso-eutrophic condition; Tazi Mountain Park and Huanhuaxi Lake were in super hyper-eutrophic condition. Lake eutrophication evaluation of Chengdu can provide not only current water quality status of urban landscape waters,but also the scientific reference for prevention and management.