中文摘要：

研究的主要目的是在中国文化背景下探讨变革型、交易型领导对领导有效性的影响以及领导—成员交换（LMX）在影响过程中的中介作用.采用问卷调查法,以中国南方地区厦门、佛山、长沙、合肥四个城市企事业单位的员工为调查对象,分别从领导行为高阶构念层面和维度层面对变革型、交易型领导、LMX和领导有效性变量之间的关系进行了实证研究.结果表明：整体上看变革型、交易型领导对领导有效性具有显著正向影响,但不同的领导行为维度对领导有效性变量的影响存在差异;整体上看LMX在变革型领导与领导有效性、交易型领导与领导有效性这两对关系中均起到部分中介效应,但并不是所有维度都通过LMX影响领导有效性.研究结论为中国背景下这两种领导风格的具体实践提供了指导性思路.

英文摘要：

The main purpose of the study is to discuss the influence of transformational, transactional leader- ship on leadership effectiveness and the mediating effects of leader - member exchange. By a survey of staffs of enterprises and institutions in southern China＇ s Xiamen, Foshan, Changsha, and Hefei city, the study empirically explores the relationship among transformational and transactional leadership, leader - member exchange and leader- ship effectiveness separately from high order construct level and dimensions level of leadership behavior. The results show that： （1） Overall, transformational and transactional leadership have significant positive impact on leadership effectiveness. However, different dimensions of leadership behavior have different impact on leadership effectiveness variables. （2） Overall, leader member exchange has partially mediating effect in the two pairs of relationships between transformational leadership and leadership effectiveness, and transactional leadership and leadership effectiveness. But not all leadership behavior dimensions have impacts on leadership effectiveness through leader- member exchange. The conclusions provide some guiding thoughts for transformational and transactional leadership practice under the background of China.