中文摘要：

文章在纵向研究基础上,通过横向设计,采用实验室实验、情境观察和母亲访谈相结合的方法考察213名14～24个月婴儿自我认知（视觉和言语方面）的发生。结果表明：1）婴儿自我认知在15～24个月间发生,自我认知能力逐渐出现,随年龄增长而发展。2）视觉自我认知一般发生于第17个月;视觉自我认知无显著的性别差异。3）言语自我认知一般发生于第21个月;男婴言语自我认知获得时间晚于女婴,但在获得言语自我认知后,婴儿言语自我认知无性别差异。4）视觉自我认知对言语自我认知有正向预测作用,视觉自我认知发生早的婴儿,言语自我认知发生的也早。

英文摘要：

Using the expermient of self - recognition and situational observation,14 to 24 months of age infants’self - recognition,including visual self - recognition and verbal self - recognition,was investigated. The results showed that（ 1） the ability of self - recogni- tion occurred and developed from15 months to 24 months,and it showed the developmental tendency with age increasing; （ 2） the general occurring time of visual self - recognition was the 17thmonth,and gender difference was not found in visual self - recognition; （ 3） the general occurring time of verbal self - recognition was the 21stmonth. ,and gender difference was found in verbal self - recognition in which the occurring time of males’verbal self - recognition did later than females; （ 4） visual self - recognition was positively related to verbal self - recognition,and visual self - recognition could predict verbal self - recognition.