中文摘要：

氨(NH3 ) 排放和免职在陆上的氮(N) 周期起一个主要作用并且能也引起环境问题，例如在生物多样性，土壤酸味，和超营养作用的变化。擦伤实验的以前的领域出现了不一致(积极、中立、否定) 从响应改变放牧紧张的土壤的 NH3 挥发。然而，它仍然保持不清楚是否，或到什么程度，从土壤的 NH3 排出物被在内部蒙古的草地增加放牧紧张影响。用一个 5 年的放牧实验，我们经由发泄房间的方法从 6 月从土壤和放牧压力(0.0， 3.0， 6.0，和 9.0 sheep/hm2 ) 调查了在 NH3 挥发之间的关系到 2009 和 2010 的 9 月。结果证明土壤 NH3 挥发不在在 2009 的不同放牧紧张是显著地不同的，尽管它在 2010 期间以最高的袜子率是更高的。在土壤 NH3 挥发率和土壤 NH4 +-N 之间没有重要线性关系，但是玷污 NH3 挥发率显著地与土壤有关水内容和空气温度。放牧紧张没在土壤 NH3 挥发上有重要影响。从 6 月的土壤 NH3 排出物到 9 月(放牧时期) ，在所有放牧紧张上平均， 9.6 是研究的 12 %( 中的 12 个？？

英文摘要：

Ammonia （NH3） emission and redeposition play a major role in terrestrial nitrogen （N） cycles and can also cause environmental problems, such as changes in biodiversity, soil acidity, and eutrophication. Previous field grazing experiments showed inconsistent （positive, neutral, and negative） NH3 volatilization from soils in response to varying grazing intensities. However, it remains unclear whether, or to what extent, NH3 emissions from soil are affected by increasing grazing intensities in Inner Mongolian grasslands. Using a 5-year grazing experiment, we investigated the relationship between NH3 volatilization from soil and grazing pressure （0.0, 3.0, 6.0, and 9.0 sheep/hm2） from June to September of 2009 and 2010 via the vented-chamber method. The results show that soil NH3 volatilization was not significantly different at different grazing intensities in 2009, although it was higher at the highest stocking rate during 2010. There was no significant linear relationship between soil NH3 volatilization rates and soil NH4~-N, but soil NH3 volatilization rates were significantly related to soil water content and air temperature. Grazing intensities had no significant influence on soil NH3 volatilization. Soil NH3 emissions from June to Sep- tember （grazing period）, averaged over all grazing intensities, were 9.6±0.2 and 19.0±0.2 kg N/hm2 in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Moreover, linear equations describing monthly air temperature and precipitation showed a good fit to changes in soil NH3 emissions （r=0.506, P=0.014）. Overall, grazing intensities had less influence than that of climatic factors on soil NH3 emissions. Our findings provide new insights into the effects of grazing on NH3 volatili- zation from soil in Inner Mongolian grasslands, and have important implications for understanding N cycles in grassland ecosystems and for estimating soil NH3 emissions on a regional scale.