中文摘要：

政府医疗卫生支出效率决定医疗卫生服务水平的高低。利用DEA两阶段分析框架，根据2003--2012年中国31个省（市）面板数据，研究中国地方政府医疗卫生支出效率及其影响因素。使用DEA方法测算地方政府医疗卫生支出的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率，并从时间和地区两个维度分析这三种效率的差异。最后利用Bootsrap方法对影响效率的各类因素进行回归分析。研究结果表明，地方政府医疗卫生支出效率在样本期间内有明显的地区差异。影响效率的主要因素包括财政分权、户籍制度、医疗卫生改革、城镇化水平、经济发展水平、人口密度和教育水平等。

英文摘要：

The healthcare expenditure efficiency of the government determines the level of medical and health services. According to the panel date of 31 provinces （cities） in China from 2003 to 2012, this paper analyzes the healthcare expenditure efficiencies of China＇ s local governments and their influencing factors by using a two- stage framework of DEA （Dynamic Efficiency Evaluation）. While the DEA method is adopted to calculate the composite efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the healthcare expenditure of the local gov- ernments, the differences among these three efficiencies are analyzed from the dimensions of time and region and the Bootstrap method are used to carry out a regression analysis of all the efficiency-influencing factors. The re- sult shows that a significant regional gap exists in the healthcare expenditure efficiencies in the selected period. The major factors that influence the efficiencies include the fiscal decentralization, household registration system, healthcare reform, urbanization level, the level of economic development, population density and education level and so on.