中文摘要：

最近的一些研究发现，除了海陆之间的热力差异外，大陆内部也存在热力差异。通过合成及t检验方法分析了亚洲大陆内部区域热力差异的变化特征，探讨了年代际尺度上大陆热力状况的季节变化与东亚初夏和夏季环流、季风活动、中国降水变化的关系。结果表明：正指数年代，在经向上从冬至夏东亚大陆由冷变暖，25°N以北中高纬度对流层高层有气温正距平下传，纬向上高原东侧我国大陆地区春夏季迅速增温。相比之下，海洋上的热力变化不明显，一直维持负距平，海陆热力差异偏大，东亚初夏季风建立偏早，夏季风强度偏强，相应地长江流域初夏降水偏多，夏季降水偏少，华北和西南部分地区夏季降水偏多。相反地，负指数年代海陆热力差异的变化将会减弱海陆之间的热力对比，不利于初夏季风的建立和夏季风加强，上述地区降水的变化大致与正指数年代相反。

英文摘要：

Recent studies indicated that in addition to land-sea thermal contrast, land-land thermal contrast also exited. Using composite analysis and t-test method, we further studied areas thermal contrast variation over the Asian continent, and discussed the relationship in decadal scale between seasonal variation of land thermal state and circulation in East Asia, the early summer and summer monsoon activity, precipitation anomaly in China. Results showed that in positive years, there was positive, meridional temperature anomaly transporting downward from upper tropospheric layers in middle-high latitudes north of 25°N. In the zonal direction, Tibetan Plateau heating in the successive spring, as a source, could influence the atmosphere, increasing the temperature warming rapidly over eastern Chinese continent, aggravating land-sea thermal contrast, while SSTA always remained negative. Accordingly, the East Asian early summer monsoon activity established earlier and summer monsoon intensity became stronger. The early summer precipitation was more than normal in Yangtze River, summer precipitation were more than normal in north China and southwest China and contrary to that of negative years.