中文摘要：

以430名小学四、五、六年级的儿童为被试，考察了儿童社会行为、同伴关系、社交自我知觉与孤独感的关系。结果表明，社会行为通过同伴关系、社交自我知觉的多重中介作用对孤独感产生影响，不存在直接效应；社会喜好只通过社交自我知觉的中介作用与孤独感产生联系，也不存在直接效应，而友谊质量与孤独感既存在中介的联系，也存在直接的联系。同伴交往四个水平的变量中，社交自我知觉对孤独感具有最大的预测力，其次分别为友谊质量、社会行为和社会喜好。

英文摘要：

430 primary students from Grades 3 - 5 were investigated to examine the relationship of children＇ s loneliness with their social behavior, peer relationship, and self-perceived social competence. The results suggest that social behavior has impact on loneliness through the multiple mediating effects of peer relationship and self-perceived social competence, there is only an indirect relation between loneliness and social preference, and there are direct and indirect relations between loneliness and friendship quality; self-perceived social competence is the most powerful predictor of loneliness among variables of peer interaction, followed by friendship quality, social behavior and social preference.