中文摘要：

本文通过对内蒙古阿拉善荒漠灌木叶的形态类型、果实类型、水分生态型进行统计,并且对沙冬青（Am-mopiptanthus mongolicus）、梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）、红沙（Reaumuria soonorica）、阿拉善沙拐枣（Calligonum alas-chanicum）、膜果麻黄（Ephedra przewalsetina）等灌木种子萌发时的水分利用效率进行测定。结果表明：阿拉善荒漠灌木叶的形态类型以正常叶为主,占72.29%,变态叶次之,占27.74%（其中膜质叶占7.43%,肉质叶占10.81%,针刺叶占9.5%）。在11种果实类型中,以蒴果、瘦果居多,分别占17.6%和19.6%。其次为胞果、蓇葖果、浆果,分别占10.1%、9.5%、9.5%。在水分生态型中,以旱生灌木为主,占37.2%;其次为中生和强旱生灌木,分别占2.3%和16.9%。灌木种子萌发时的水分利用效率不同。沙冬青对水的响应慢,敏感程度低。梭梭对水的响应快,敏感程度高。红沙、阿拉善沙拐枣、膜果麻黄对水的敏感程度介于沙冬青和梭梭之间。由此可见,阿拉善荒漠灌木对环境的适应主要表现为：叶为膜质叶、肉质叶、针刺叶;果实以干果为主;水分生态型以旱生为主,灌木种子的水分利用效率方式多样性。

英文摘要：

Based on the experiment that tnorphological features of leaves、fruit type and moisture ecotype of the shrub in alashan.were counted,and the utilizing efficiency of dormant moisture of the shrub seeds,such as Ammopiptanthus mongolicus、Haloxylon ammodendron 、reaumaria soonorica、calligonum alashanicum、Ephedra przewalsetina were measured.The result indicated：the main morphological feature of shrub leaves in alashan desert was normal leaves,accounting to 72.29%,then,was metamorphic leaves,making up of 27.74%（of which velamentous leaves was 7.43%,pulpose leaves was 10.81%,acanthoid leaves was 9.5%）.In the 11 species of fruit,most of the fruit were capsule and akene,their number percentage were 17.6% and 19.6%,secondly,were free utricle、follicular、arbutin,their number percentage were separately 10.1%、9.5% and 9.5%.In the type of moisture ecotype,the main species was xerophyte,accounting to 37.2%,sequently,were mesophytes and intensive xerophyte,their number percentage were separately 2.3% and 16.9%.Shrub seed had different dormant utilizing efficiency of moisture.The reaction of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus to moisture and sensitivity were poor.The reaction of Haloxylon ammodendron to moisture and sensitivity were high.The values of sensitivity to moisture of Reaumuria soonorica、Calligonum alashannicum and Ephedraprze walsetina were ranged between Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Haloxylon Ammodendron.Therefore,the adaptation of alashan desert shrub to environment expressed largely in：leaves main were velamentous,pulpose and acanthoid;fruit main was dehiscent shrivel;moisture ecotype main was xerophylism;the utilizing efficiency of moisture of shrub seeds were diversity.