中文摘要：

基于农机与农艺相结合,该文主要对水稻精量穴直播机仿形与滑板机构进行了优化设计。水稻精量穴直播机采用乘坐式高速插秧机头为动力底盘,包括机架、开沟起垄装置、水平仿形装置、高程仿形装置、动力传动装置、播种装置和液压提升架。结合同步开沟起垄、播量和穴距可调、仿形作业、压茬（草）播种的农艺要求并针对实际大田生产试验中发现原水稻精量穴直播机存在的问题,如压茬效果较差、仿形系统不完善等,该文主要对高程仿形系统、水平仿形机构以及滑板角度等进行了优化设计,并对穴直播机的性能与可靠性进行了试验验证,结果表明：优化后水稻精量穴直播机的纯作业效率为0.67 hm2/h,穴距合格率达100%,变异系数为2.5%,穴粒数合格率为95%,空穴率为0,各行排种量一致性变异系数为3.8%,总排量稳定性变异系数为1.5%,播种后田面左右高差小于3 cm;平均首次故障前作业量（MTTFF）为30.4 hm2/m,有效度为98.2%,各项性能指标和可靠性指标均达到了相关国家标准,具有广阔的应用前景。

英文摘要：

In order to better realize the combination of agricultural machinery and agronomy,the design of precision rice hill-drop drilling machine was further optimized and tested.The precision rice hill-drop drilling machine that was powered with high speed transplanter chassis was composed of frame,furrowing and ridging device,height and horizontal profiling mechanism system,power transmission system,seeding device and hydraulic lifting frame.It could meet the rice direct seeding agronomic requirements which are furrowing and ridging synchronously,adjustable sowing rate and hill space,optional row space,profiling seeding mode and stubble burying before seeding.The combined hole-type metering device included small and big type holes was used for the precision rice hill-drop drilling machine,so that it could meet the sowing rate requirement of conventional rice and hybrid rice simultaneously and adjust the seeding rate quickly.On the basis of the combination of agricultural machinery and agronomy as well as the experimental verification,the frame,reduction gearbox,horizontal profiling mechanism,height profiling system and installation angle of slide plate were optimized.The new frame could protect the main bar from being bended.The new reduction gearbox made the hill space to match the speed of the chassis more accurately and also could change the rotation direction to fit different kinds of chassis.The height and horizontal profiling mechanism made the seeding machine more floatable,so it could adapt more complicate ground.Furthermore,the related experiments proved that profiling system is conducive to the seedling emergence of rice.The seedling emergence rates of the rice varieties XS134 and PZTF,which were seeded by the precision rice hill-drop machine with horizontal profiling mechanism,were 7.9%and 8.7%higher than that without horizontal profiling mechanism,respectively.In order to protect the atmosphere environment,the government introduced the relevant policies and laws to prohibit the burning of straw,and promoted