中文摘要：

针对井下巷道围岩表面不平整,锚杆尾部受拉、扭、弯组合应力而发生破断的现象,采用理论分析和数值模拟的方法,研究了不同球形垫圈对锚杆尾部受力的影响,分析了托盘与球形垫圈之间夹角θ、摩擦系数μ对锚杆尾部受力和变形的影响,得出球形垫圈可以很好的改善锚杆尾部的受力。预紧力为30k N,锚杆弯曲时,使用球垫的锚杆尾部受力比不使用球垫的锚杆尾部受力降低了66%;球形垫圈与托盘球窝之间夹角θ越大、摩擦系数μ越小,锚杆尾部弯曲角度越小;夹角θ取30°时,球垫调心范围最大。

英文摘要：

Aiming at bolt tail rupture under the combined stress of tension, torsion and bending, caused by uneven surface in underground roadway, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods are used to study the effects of different spherical washers on bolts tail stress. According to analysis of the impact of the angle θ, the friction coefficient/z between the tray and the spherical washer on bolt tail stress and deformation, spherical washers can improve the stress on bolt tail. Under preload of 30kN, bolts tail force is reduced by 66% with used spherical washers when the bolt curves ; when the angle θ rises, the friction coefficient/.t becomes smaller, so does the bolts tail bending angle; when θ is 30 °, center-aligning range of spherical washers is the largest.