中文摘要：

建立了考虑摩擦阻力的一维水蒸气超音速流凝结数学模型，对喷管内含有不同初始浓度和半径的外界核心的水蒸气超音速流凝结过程进行了数值计算。结果发现：当外界核心浓度在不同范围内时，外界核心半径对凝结有不同的影响规律；当外界核心半径在不同范围内时，外界核心浓度对凝结也有不同的影响规律；为了促进凝结的发生，要选择匹配的外界核心平均半径和浓度。选定喷管出口的液相质量分数为标准，针对计算的几种情况得出：当外界核心半径为1．0×10^-9m，外界核心浓度为1．0×10^14kg-1时，对应的喷管出口处的液相质量分数最大。

英文摘要：

A mathematical model was developed to investigate the water vapor condensation under supersonic flow conditions. A numerical simulation was performed for the water vapor in nozzle with the model with various initial concentration and sizes of exoteric nuclei. It was found that the influences of the radius of on the condensation are different for different concentration of the exoteric nuclei and the effects of the concentration of the exoteric nuclei on the condensation are different for the exoterie nuclei of different radius. Therefore it is of basic importance to introduce external particles of proper sizes and condensation in order to enhance the condensation of steam in nozzle. It was found that the liquid mass fraction at outlet of nozzle is maximal when the particle radius is1.0×10^-9m the particle concentration is 1.0×10^14/kg for the Laval nozzle and the condition studied.