中文摘要：

背景：早期实验证实骨膜含有潜在形成软骨或骨的间充质干细胞，在适当的条件下可向软骨细胞分化。目的：比较观察多孔钽支架复合骨膜移植与磷酸三钙复合骨膜移植修复软骨缺损的效果。方法：取雌性兔24只随机分为2组。建立膝关节软骨缺损模型，分别填入多孔钽支架和磷酸三钙支架，表丽覆盖预处理的反置骨膜。石膏固定2周。于12周麻醉后处死兔，观察滑膜、关节液、股骨髁软骨大体观及股骨髁软骨病理表现。采脂改良的Mankin骨关节炎的订分法。结果与结论：多孔钽组滑膜增生明显，新生软骨表层呈蓝白色，周缘欠光滑，甲苯胺蓝染包可见软骨细胞排列稍紊乱，软骨细胞数目正常，多孔钒内骨长入良好，Mankin评分为7．35分。磷酸三钙组新生软骨表层呈蓝白色，周缘欠光滑，甲苯胺龉染色可见软骨细胞排列梢袭乱，软骨细胞数目正常，磷酸二钙内骨长入可，Mankin评分为7．43分（P〉0．05）。表明多孔钽支架复合骨膜移植与磷酸三钙复合骨膜移植修复方式对软骨修复的结果无明显差别，但多孔钽支架与周刚骨组织融合优于磷酸三钙。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： Early experiments have proved that synovium contains mesenchymal stem cells which can potentially form the cartilage or bone and differentiate into chondrocytes under property conditions. OBJECTIVE： To compare the repair effect of porous tantalum combined with synovium and tricalcium phosphate combined with synovium on cartilage defects. METHODS： Totally 24 female New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group （a porous tantalum scaffold combined with synovium） and control group （a tricalcium phosphate scaffold combined with synovium）. A model of cartilage defect in the knee joint was establishe, and then the two kinds of scaffolds were implanted. A piece of pretreated inverse synovium was covered on the surface of defects, and plaster fixation was performed for 2 weeks. The rabbits were executed under anesthesia at week 12. The gross observation of the synovium, joint fluid and femoral condylar cartilage, as well as the pathological features of the femoral condylar cartilage was observed. Improved Mankin score was obtained to evaluate the repair effect. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： In the experimental group, there was various synovial hyperplasia, and the surface of new cartilage was blue and white, and the margin was less smooth. Toluidine blue staining showed that chondrocytes arranged a little disorder. Resides, the number of chondrocytes was normal, moreover the porous tantalum scaffolds were fully filled with bone tissues, and the Mankin score was 7.35. In the control group, the surface of new cartilage was blue and white, and the margin was less smooth. Toluidine blue staining showed that chondrocytes arranged a little disorderly. The number of chondrocytes was normal. In addition, the tricalcium phosphate scaffolds were partly filled with bone, and the Mankin score was 7.43 （P 〉 0.05）. These findings suggest that there is no significant difference between porous tantalum combined with synovium and tricalcium phosphate combined with synovium in repairing cart