中文摘要：

泌尿系统组织器官结构和功能的缺失可见于多种泌尿系疾病,如损伤、先天性发育障碍、严重感染、肿瘤等。对损伤和功能缺失组织器官的修复和重建是泌尿外科的重大课题。目前泌尿系重建往往采用原位的皮肤、筋膜、转皮瓣、血管等,也有使用异体组织及修补材料者。这些重建方法均面临诸多问题,包括感染、

英文摘要：

Structural and functional disorders always occur in a variety of urinary tract diseases, including injuries, congenital disorders, severe infections, and tumors. Tissue and organ repair and recon- struction are critical for patients with urinary tract diseases. So far, stem cells and tissue engineering technolo- gy remain to be the foresights for urinary repair and reconstruction, which can partially solve the lack and shortage of the source supplement, prevent the allograft rejection, and bypass the ethic prohibition. However, there are still many problems in the practical application of stem cells. Accordingly, this article will shed great light on the stem cells and tissue engineering technology, especially urine-derived stem cell application in lower urinary tract disease.