中文摘要：

准一维原子、分子链是一维纳米材料研究的终极目标,其独特的一维结构可能具有强的量子效应,新奇的光、电、磁等物理性质.如何合成原子/分子一维结构、以及在原子/分子尺度对其进行调控和操纵是目前人们极为关注的前沿课题.通过使用限域模板,如碳纳米管和分子筛等,已经成功地合成了可稳定限域在一维纳米孔道中的原子/分子链状结构.本文简要介绍了高压下一维纳米结构研究所取得的实验结果,以及文献报道的相关实验与理论研究工作,包括压力导致的原子/分子一维链增长及其转变机理,一维纳米孔道中压致分子旋转,碘分子链特有的光致发光现象以及压致发光增强、碳纳米管的压致转变引起的偏振拉曼退偏效应消失等.

英文摘要：

The ultimate goals of researches of one-dimensional（1D） nanomaterials, quasi-one-dimensional atomic/molecular chains are expected to exhibit their strong quantum effects and novel optical, electrical, magnetic properties due to their unique 1D structures. At present, synthesis and manipulation of 1D atomic/molecular chains on an atomic/molecular level in a controllable way have been the frontier subject of scientific research. The 1D atomic/molecular chains, which can be stable in ambient conditions, have been prepared successfully by using a confinement template, such as carbon nanotubes（CNTs）, zeolite, etc.High pressure can effectively tune the interatomic and intermolecular interactions over a broad range of conditions and thus to change the structures of materials. High pressure techniques have been recently adopted to investigate the 1D nanomaterials. In this paper, we briefly review some recent progress in the high pressure studies of 1D nanostructures, including iodine chains（I_2）_n confined in the 1D nanochannels of zeolite, multiwalled carbon nanotube（MWNT）arrays, and 1D carbon chains confined in CNTs. Particularly, polarized Raman spectroscopy combined with theoretical simulations has been used in the high pressure studies of 1D nanostructures. These studies reveal many interesting phenomena, including pressure-induced population increase and growth of 1D atomic/molecular chains. The underlying driven mechanisms have also been uncovered. Induced by pressure, the I_2 molecules in zeolite 1D nanochannels rotates to the channel axial direction and the compression of the channel length in turn leads to a concomitant decrease of the intermolecular distance such that the iodine molecules come sufficiently close to the formation of longer（I_2）_n polymers.The novel polarized photoluminescence（PL） from the iodine chains and the pressure-induced PL enhancement due to the growth of 1D iodine chains under pressure. The depolarization effect vanishing in the polarized Raman spectra of compres