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中文摘要：
为实现在掘进或回采前对冲击危险煤层的一次性卸压,达到区域防冲的目的,提出了煤层定点水力压裂技术。为了从理论上说明煤层定点水力压裂技术防治冲击地压的可行性和有效性,首先,通过建立煤层压裂力学模型,从定性和定量两方面分析煤层定点水力压裂防冲的机制,认为煤层压裂通过增阻和降能2方面实现冲击地压的防治;提出了基于压裂效能指数In的压裂防冲效果评价方法以及关键冲击块临界体积的估算公式,为煤层压裂施工参数的选择提供参考;最后,在华丰煤矿1412工作面成功应用该项技术,从现场观测、管路压力、微震事件和应力变化4方面验证了煤层定点水力压裂技术防治冲击地压的效果。
英文摘要：
To release once for all the pressure in the coal seam with high rockburst risk before driving or mining, and to achieve the goal of regional rockburst prevention, the fixed-point hydraulic fracturing technique for coal seam is developed. To explore theoreticallythe feasibility and effectiveness of the fixed-point hydraulic fracturing method for coal seam rockburst prevention, a mechanical model is first developed for the coal seam, and then used to analyze, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the mechanism of the fixed-point hydraulic fracturingfor rockburst prevention. It is shown that hydraulic fracturing can prevent rockburst by increasing the resistance and releasing the energy of the coal seam.By introducing the efficiency index In, a procedure is proposed for evaluating the efficiency of the proposed rockburst prevention method, and a formulation is developed for calculating the critical volume of the bursting rockmass, providing a reference for the selection of hydraulic fracturing parameters. Finally, the proposed hydraulic fracturing method is applied to No.1412 working face of Huafeng Coal Mine, and its feasibility and effectiveness of rockburst prevention is illustrated with field observation, pipeline pressure, microseismic events and stress variation.
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