中文摘要：

自体干细胞移植（ASCT）在传统化疗时代已成为65岁以下初诊多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的标准一线治疗。随着新型靶向药物为基础的化疗在诱导、巩固和维持治疗阶段的广泛应用，MM的缓解率得到显著提高，因此是否需要ASCT成为了新药时代关注的焦点。目前现有的资料仍然支持ASCT是符合条件的初诊MM患者的一线治疗，新药作为ASCT前诱导治疗以及ASCT后巩固、维持治疗有助于进一步提高缓解率，延长无进展生存时间。但今后仍需要开展更多前瞻性临床试验进一步明确ASCT在MM中的作用、进一步优化治疗方案，以期实现MM治愈的目标。

英文摘要：

Autologous stem cell transplantation （ASCT） is the standard frontline therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma （MM） in patients younger than 65 years in the era of conventional chemotherapy. The use of novel drug-based chemotherapy in the in-duction, consolidation, and maintenance phases of chemotherapy has significantly improved the response rates of patients. Thus, wheth-er or not ASCT is still necessary in the era of new drugs has become controversial. Currently available data supported that ASCT should be the frontline therapy for qualified newly diagnosed MM patients and that new drugs may be applied before and after ASCT to further improve the response rate and prolong the progression-free survival of patients. Further prospective clinical trials should be conducted to clarify the role of ASCT in MM and optimize the treatment strategies involving ASCT in the era of new drugsto cure myeiona.