中文摘要：

对表面接枝高分子季铵盐的纳米SiO2粉体进行检测，结果表明其热稳定性良好，对细菌的抗菌效果显著，抗菌性能与市售载银无机抗菌剂相当。将其添加到不同树脂中制备抗菌塑料，抗菌检测结果表明，用PE和PVC作为基材树脂制备的抗菌塑料的抗菌效果十分显著，其用于制备抗菌PE的最佳添加质量分数为2％。对制备的抗菌PE分别进行了自然条件放置和人工加速老化处理，抗菌检测结果表明，该塑料具备了良好的抗菌长效性和稳定性。

英文摘要：

The nano-meter SiO2 surface grafted by high-molecular-weight quaternary ammonium salt was tested, and the results showed the grafted nano-meter SiO2 had good thermal stability and superior antibacterial action, which was about the same with that of the commercial Ag^ ＋ -containing inorganic antimierobial materials. The antimierobial nano-meter SiO2 was applied to the preparation of antimierobial plastics. The result of the antimierobial tests showed the microbicidal action of antimierobial plastics made from PE and PVC was superior. The optimum addition of the antimierobial nano-meter SiO2 for the preparation of antimierobial PE was 2%. The prepared PE was treated by means of accelerated aging and placement on natural conditions respectively, and the results showed the antimierobial PE had good long-time bactericidal action and mierobieidal stability.