中文摘要：

综述了土壤中与人类生活密切相关的砷、镉、铜、铅、汞等元素的土壤生物地球化学循环的研究现状，总结得出：土壤中各种重金属元素的生物地球化学循环都是从土壤-植物-动物-人类-土壤的过程，而这一系列的循环过程都是在水的参与下完成，所以水在土壤生物地球化学循环过程中起到了关键性作用。指出了土壤污染过程已经不能简单地研究土壤内部过程，而且需要研究土壤接口过程以及土-气-水-生相互作用和相互驱动的过程，只有交叉、综合地研究土壤内部、接口和外部环境的生物地球化学循环过程，才能揭示高强度人类活动下土壤环境质量的演变规律，以实现风险管理，保护土壤质量、农产品质量和生态系统健康。

英文摘要：

With the accelerated process of urbanization and human disturbance, the soil environment is threat-ened by manyof heavy metal elements. Heavy metals in the soil can not be decomposed by microorganisms, and can gradually accumulate. Soil toxic metals pollution has become a major global environmental change re-search problem in recent years. In this article, the arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and other ele-ments, which are closely related tohuman beings, have been reviewed. The summary concludes that a variety of heavy metals in soil biogeoehemical cycles are processes from the soil-plant-animal-human beings to the soil, and this series of cyclic process is completed participation in the water, so the water in the soil bioge-ochemical cycles plays a key role. Thus, understanding the process of soil pollution has not simply studying soil internal processes and interfaces need study the process of soil and soil--air--water--interaction and student--driven process, only the cross, comprehensive study of the soil inside the interface and the external environment biogeochemical cycle in order to reveal the high intensity of human activities under the environ- mental quality of soil evolution,and to achieve risk management,protection of soil quality,agricultural prod-ucts quality and ecosystem health.