中文摘要：

以间苯二酚、甲醛、钛酸丁酯为原料,分别采用乙醇、异丙醇和水作为溶剂,通过溶胶-凝胶、超临界干燥、高温炭化制备掺杂钛炭气凝胶。通过XRD和TEM分析表明,以乙醇为溶剂可以制备出均匀掺杂锐钛矿晶型的TiO2纳米粒子的炭气凝胶。将制得的掺杂钛炭气凝胶电极应用于电吸附模块进行电吸附脱盐实验,考察了掺杂钛量、电压、溶液浓度对电吸附的影响,以及掺杂钛炭气凝胶电极的循环再生性能。结果表明掺杂TiO2可以极大地抑制物理吸附和提高电吸附量,掺杂20%TiO2的炭气凝胶单位电吸附量是不掺杂TiO2时的4.5倍,其总吸附量接近11mg/g,是一种理想的电吸附电极材料。在1.5V电压下溶液浓度的提高可以提高吸附量,并且经过12次吸附再生过程后掺杂钛炭气凝胶电极的电吸附性能仍然保持稳定,可循环再生性能良好。

英文摘要：

Carbon aerogels doped with anatase form of titanium oxide were synthesized by sol-gel polymerization of a mixture of resorcinol, formaldehyde and tetrabutyl orthotitanate, followed by gelation, supercritical drying and carbonization in N2 gas atmosphere. The effect of different solvents on synthesis was studied by TEM and XRD. The results show that carbon aerogels with homogeneously doped TiO2 can be prepared in ethanol instead of water in sol-gel polymerization process. Carbon aerogels doped with TiO2 were used as electrodes to treat NaC1 solution through the electrosorption process. The effects of doped TiO2 contents, voltages and solution concentrations on the electrosorption capacity and the recyclable performance of Ti-doped carbon aerogel elec- trods were investigated. The incorporation of titania into carbon aerogels can considerably increase electrosorp- tion capacity and decrease physical adsorption. The electrosorption capacity increases with increasing voltage and solution concentration. The electrosorption capacity of 20 % Ti-doped carbon aerogel was 4.5 times as much as that of carbon aerogel, and the recyclable performance are stable , so the carbon aerogels doped with TiO2 are an ideal material for electrosorption application.