中文摘要：

人类白细胞抗原-G（human leukocyte antigen G，HLA-G）属于非经典主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ类分子，选择性表达在母胎交界面的细胞滋养层细胞使得妊娠期间形成母体对胎儿的免疫耐受。但是，HLA-G的有限多态性和异常表达与多种病理改变有关，例如肿瘤、自身免疫病和感染性疾病等。近来有研究表明，乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染过程中HLA-G的表达均会发生改变，而且HLA-G的表型与病毒的易感性相关。但是，至于HLA-G分子在乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎疾病发展中的作用目前仍不完全清楚。HLA-G与病毒性肝炎的相关性仍需深入研究。

英文摘要：

Human leukocyte antigen G （HLA-G） is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class I molecule. Specific expression of HLA-G occurs only on extravillous trophoblasts of fetal placental tissue to protect, where plays a role in maternal tolerance towards the fetus. However, an abnormal expression of HLA-G has been observed in numerous pathological conditions, such as tumors, autoimmune diseases and viral infections. Recently, altered expression of HLA-G has been found in both HCV and HBV infection. And some genetic polymorphisms of HLA-G have been associated with susceptibility for these infections. However, the mechanism of HLA-G in HCV and HBV infection is still not completely clear. hTe relationship between HLA-G and viral hepatitis needs further investigation.