中文摘要：

在严格厌氧条件下，分别用滚管计数法和MPN计数法测定了不同环境泥炭样品中的发酵型细菌，硫酸盐还原细菌和厌氧纤维素分解细菌的数量与分布，并考察了产甲烷细菌的存在与活性，同时分析了这四种细菌类群相应的地质意义。实验结果表明，在泥炭中发酵型细菌数量与有机质的含量特别是腐殖酸含量具有正相关性；硫酸盐还原细菌数量与硫酸盐含量之间的关系并不明显，与样品埋藏深度具有一定负相关性，硫酸盐还原细菌数量与硫酸盐含量的最小值均出现在泥炭层最底层；厌氧纤维素分解菌只在少数样品中检测到，而产甲烷细菌广泛存在于所右样品中． 且可以与硫酸盐还原细菌共存于许多样品中。

英文摘要：

Fermentation bacteria （FB）, sulfate-reducing bacteria （SRB） and anaerobic cellulose-degrading bacteria at different depths in four peat sediments were accounted and the existence of methane-producing bacteria was investigated. The result showed that the numbers of fermentation bacteria were positively correlated with the content of organic matter, especially with those of humic acid. There is no obvious relationship between the numbers of sulfate-reducing bacteria and the contents of sulfate. However, to some extent the SRB are negatively correlated with the depths of samples. The minima of both sulfate contents and SRB numbers were found at the bottoms of four sediments. Anaerobic cellulose-degrading bacteria were only detected in several samples, while methane-producing bacteria habited in all samples even in co-existence with sulfate-reducing bacteria. The corresponding geological effects of these anaerobic bacteria on peat sediments were also analyzed in this paper.