中文摘要：

针对黏土基催化剂催化过氧化氢（H_2O_2）氧化苯酚过程中诱导期发生机制及影响因素尚不清楚的问题,采用自制化学反应装置和批动力学试验方法,研究了诱导期发生的原因及其关键影响因子。结果表明：H_2O_2扩散或吸附到催化剂金属活性位及随后的表面修饰（通过≡Fe（Ⅲ）还原到≡Fe（Ⅱ）降低p H）共同决定了诱导期;Fermi’s方程能很好地拟合苯酚氧化过程（R^2〉0.99）;反应温度和溶液p H强烈影响诱导时间（t_I）,随温度增加和p H降低,t_I分别从59和129 min降到22和0 min（没有诱导期）,而催化剂与H_2O_2浓度对t_I的影响相对较小,随催化剂和H_2O_2浓度增加,t_I分别从69和75 min降到32和52min。尽管诱导时间可通过调整反应参数来缩短或消除,但考虑到成本和环境风险,在用黏土基催化剂处理实际含酚废水时应采用适宜的反应条件：H_2O_2和苯酚摩尔比为15,催化剂浓度为0.8～1.0 g/L,温度为30～40℃,不调整介质p H,反应时间为2 h。

英文摘要：

Aiming at improving the understanding of occurrence mechanism and affecting factors of induction period,a small laboratory-made reactor with batch kinetic test method was adopted to investigate the induction period occurrence reasons and the key affecting factors during phenol oxidation by H_2O_2 over clay-based catalysts.The results showed that the contact of active metals with H_2O_2 and the sequent surface modification,by decreasing p H via the reduction of ≡Fe（ Ⅲ） to ≡Fe（ Ⅱ）,jointly determined the induction period. A Fermi＇ s equation could fit well the kinetic process（ R~2 0. 99）,and the reaction temperature and initial solution p H strongly affected the induction time（ t_I） which reduced from 59 min to 22 min and from 129 min to 0 min（ no induction period）,respectively,with increasing temperature and decreasing p H. The catalyst amount and H_2O_2 concentration had less effect on t_Iwhich reduced from 69 to 32 min and from 75 to 52 min,respectively,with increasing the contents of catalyst and H_2O_2. Although the undesirable induction time could be shortened or eliminated by adjusting reaction parameters, considering its cost and environmental risk, the following optimum reaction conditions should be adopted for CWPO of actual phenol-containing wastewater over clay-based catalysts： the mole ratio of H_2O_2 to phenol being 15,catalyst concentration being 0. 8-1. 0 g/L,temperature being 30-40 ℃,p H of matrix not adjusted,and reaction time being 2 h.