中文摘要：

采用数值仿真的方法计算在铝电解槽预焙阳极上开槽后的气泡-电解质流场，从阳极底掌下电解质中气泡分布的角度考察阳极不同开槽方式对气泡排出的影响。结果表明：阳极不开槽时底掌下电解质中的气泡可以分为2层，靠上的一层为方形薄层，靠下的一层为聚集于中部的半方半椭圆的气泡层，整个气泡层厚度较大且气泡含量多；开槽位置及开槽数量均对在阳极长度方向开槽的排气效果有较大影响，合理开槽能明显加快气泡的排放，消除中心聚集的部分气泡层；在阳极宽度方向开槽也可以促进气泡排放，但其效果主要受开槽数量的影响：在阳极竖直方向开槽对减小气泡层厚度和气泡含量作用不太显著。

英文摘要：

The anode gas induced bubble-electrolyte flow fields around a prebaked carbon anode with slots in aluminum reduction cell were calculated by using the numerical simulation method, and the distribution of bubble in electrolyte below the anode was discussed for examining the effects of longitudinal, transverse and vertical slot cutting at anodes on bubble elimination. The results show that the gas layer below anode can be divided into two layers, the upper one is a thin square layer, and the lower one is gather in the centre with a half- square and half-circle shape, and the whole layer is thick and contains large volume of anode gas. The number and location of longitudinal slots show great effect on exhaust effect, and appropriate slots will quicken the bubble elimination process and remove the lower gas layer. When anode has transverse slots, the bubble escapes faster from the pool, and slots number is the most important factor for exhaust effect in the case. Anode with vertical slots shows no significant effect on reducing the bubble content and thickness of the gas layer.