中文摘要：

利用广州番禺大气成分站2012春节期间的逐时Marga数据、PM数据分析珠三角地区春节期间颗粒物及其水溶性离子的变化特征.研究发现在烟花爆竹集中燃放时期,PM_（10）、PM_（2.5）和各种水溶性离子浓度急剧升高,PM_（2.5）/PM_（10）的值与PM的变化趋势相反,说明主要增加的是PM_（10）中相对较粗的粒子;PM_（2.5）/PM_（10）平均值是0.92,说明在该期间,仍然主要是细粒子污染;K-＋、Cl-和Mg-（2＋）以及NO_3-和SO_4-（2-）、NH_4-＋浓度不同程度上升,说明烟花爆竹燃放对它们都存在影响,其中烟花爆竹燃放对PM、K-＋、Cl-和SO_4-（2-）的影响最大,对NO_3-、NH_4-＋也存在一定程度的影响.通过各离子之间的变化趋势以及相关系数研究,发现K-＋、Cl-、Mg-（2＋）和Na-＋主要来源于烟花爆竹的燃放,因此在烟花爆竹集中燃放时段浓度急剧升高,SO_4-（2-）、NO_3-和NH_4-＋相关系数很高,说明他们三者可能有相同的来源;黑碳浓度明显升高说明烟花爆竹的燃放对其也有一定的影响.

英文摘要：

Particulate matter（PM） and relevant water-soluble ions were analyzed based on the hourly Marga data from China Meteorological Agency Panyu Atmospheric Components Station during Spring Festival of 2012 in PRD.During fireworks burning period, mass concentrations of PM_（10）, PM_（2.5） and all water-soluble ions increased rapidly, indicating an occurrence of air pollution. The ratio of PM_（2.5） to PM_（10）（PM_（2.5）/PM_（10）） showed a decreasing trend,and thus the increase in PM_（10） caused by the pollution was more significant than that of PM_（2.5）; however, the average value of PM_（2.5）/PM_（10） is 0.92, indicating PM_（2.5） was the absolutely dominant component of PM. The influence of fireworks burning on the concentration of K-＋, Cl- and SO_4-（2-） was more significant than on that of NO_3- and NH_4-＋. The correlation analysis suggested that the increase of K-＋, Cl-, Mg-（2＋） and Na-＋ resulted from the firework burning and SO_4-（2-）, NO_3-和 NH_4-＋ was probably from the same source. Finally, firework burning has also contributed to the increase of black carbon.