中文摘要：

为了研究来氟米特（LEF）对前列腺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响，采用前列腺癌细胞株PC3与不同浓度的来氟米特（0，50，100，150μmol·L^-1）共培养（24，48，72h），通过CCK-8细胞活力检测实验和克隆形成实验，发现来氟米特抑制PC3细胞增殖，且存在明显的浓度时间依赖性；流式细胞检测表明，来氟米特使PC3细胞发生S期阻滞，并且促进其凋亡；当来氟米特浓度≥150μmol·L^-1时，WesternBlot实验检测到Caspase-3蛋白发生剪切活化．来氟米特处理可诱导PC3细胞自噬，采用羟氯喹抑制自噬可促进细胞凋亡的发生，提示自噬增强了细胞抗凋亡能力．研究表明，来氟米特可抑制PC3细胞的增殖，诱导其凋亡，可能对前列腺癌有潜在的治疗作用．

英文摘要：

Leflunomide （LEF）, an immunosuppressive drug, was generally used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, increasing evidences indicated that LEF had an effective anti-proliferative effect on various tumors. To investigate the effect of LEF in prostatic cancer cells, prostatic cancer cell line PC3 was trea-ted with solutions of LEF （0, 50, 100 and 150 μmol·L^-1） and cultured in varied duration of time （24, 48 and 72 h）. CCK-8 and cell clone forming experiments showed that when the concentration was ≥ 150 μmol·L^-1 LEF significantly inhibited cell growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay revealed that LEF induced S-phase cell cycle arrest, and enhanced cell apoptosis via modulation of Caspase-3 expression as shown by Western blotting experiments. Moreover, LEF could induce autophagy of PC3 cells, while hydroxychloroquine （HCQ） could enhance LEF-induced apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy. Taken together, LEF inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of the PC3 cells.