中文摘要：

相比于基于非共价键的超分子相互作用的传统荧光探针,反应型荧光探针的识别过程不是通过配位和氢键的相互作用,而是通过与目标物发生化学反应,使得光谱性质或颜色改变,生成不同结构的光活性化合物。近年来,反应型荧光探针主要有三种化学反应类型：底物与受体通过共价键连接;底物作为催化剂,与受体发生不可逆的反应;基于置换反应使底物与受体络合。正是反应型荧光探针利用选择反应的优势识别特定物质,因而提供了方便、快捷、专一的分析检测目标物的方法,具有很高的灵敏度和选择性,受到越来越多的关注。本文综述了近六年来基于反应型罗丹明荧光探针用于检测金属阳离子、活性氧化物和阴离子诱导β-内酰胺开环的最新研究进展,评述其结构和检测性能之间的关系,并展望这类荧光探针的应用前景与发展趋势。

英文摘要：

Compared with the traditional fluorescent probes based on non-covalent bond supermolecular interactions, the identification process of reaction fluorescent probes is a chemical reaction with the target compound to change the spectral properties or color, thus different structures of the photoactive compounds are generated. In recent years, reactive fluorescent probes are mainly three types of chemical reactions, including the substrate and the receptor are connected through covalent bond; substrate as a catalyst occurs irreversible reactions with the receptor; the substrate coordinates with the receptor based on replacement reacting. Because of the advantages of using the selection of a particular substance reaction, reactive fluorescent probes provide a convenient, quick, specific method to detect target, with high sensitivity and selectivity. In the review, the latest research progress of reaction-based rhodamine fluorescent probes to detect the metal cations, reactive oxygen species and anions to induce β-lactam ring-opening in the past six years is reviewed, and the relationship between the structure and the detection performance of the probes is introduced. In addition, the application prospect and development trend of fluorescent probes are prospected.