中文摘要：

利用基于参量下转换产生的相关光子可以实现＂无溯源＂的绝对定标.该方法推广应用于模拟探测器定标的过程中,准确获取光电脉冲对应的电荷量统计参数是主要难点.本文提出了一种新的光电流概率统计模型,假定某一时刻采集的电荷量概率是所有脉冲可能包含电荷量的概率叠加,对概率函数进行拉普拉斯变换和高阶求解偏导,获得了光电流波动与各通道一个光电脉冲包含电荷量波动之间的关系.为了精确获取该统计模型需要的平均光子计数,消除光电倍增管的非线性效应和脉冲堆积效应,本文测量了不同功率下的光子速率和输出光电流,通过对光电流输出曲线与光子计数曲线匹配,获得了定标模拟探测器时的光子速率,最终实现.按照上述理论开展了光电转换型In Sb模拟探测器在3.39？m的绝对量子效率定标实验,转换为绝对功率响应度与国内计量单位的测量结果进行了比较,相对偏差为3.00%,本文定标方法的相对合成不确定度为7.24%.该研究结果为相关光子方法定标模拟探测器提供了基本理论模型和应用参考.

英文摘要：

Currently the two major generally radiometric calibration methods including standard radiometric source and detectors are realized by standard transfer, but it is difficult to overcome the cumulative error during its calibration processes. The new type method based on parametric down-conversion（SPDC） which is produced by the interaction of laser and nonlinear crystal can achieve no traceability absolute calibration and it has great potential applications in optical remote sensor calibration. However, the mature time-coincidence method of correaltion photons is limit to its signal processing manner which can only handle pulse signal and it cannot be realize the analog detector calibration. Therefore, These factors restrict the correlated photons pairs for analog detector calibration technology development. According to the technical difficulties of analog detector calibration using correlation photons method, the internationnal organizationes have made a variety of attempts. Brida and genovese were put forward a kind of double channels photocurrent autocorrelation and cross-correlation function theoretical model. Although this model can absolut calibrate the analog detector quantum efficiency from its principle, this scheme introduces the aporia which lies in a pulse which produced after an incident photons crash into the analog detector and whose shape how to describe and how much electronic charge containing whose amount variance parameters measurement. To sum up, this method haven＇t been proved its feasibility so far. This paper presents a novel type of signal processing algorithm whose basic idea was assumed the probability of a certain electronic charge at a moment which was all pulse consist of charge overlapping probability. The relationship between the fluctuation of charge quantity and the fluctuation of the charge quantity of each pulse was determined by the Laplace transform of probability function and high order derivative. The photon count speed was obtained accurately by the curve fitting on me