中文摘要：

20世纪80年代以来，有关高层管理团队（TMT）的理论研究及探索越来越受到国内外学界的关注，并逐渐形成以下两种主要的研究倾向：一是判定TMT组成特征与组织绩效之间的因果关系，并主要基于TMT组成特征的内容和结构，用人口统计学特征代替认知和价值观等心理特征来分析和预测高管团队绩效；二是解释TMT组成特征与组织绩效之间因果关系的作用机理，而这类研究又主要分成两个方面：（1）基于TMT内部运作过程，重点关注TMT组成特征中各个构成因素和组织绩效之间存在的中介效应和作用关系，并由此演绎出一系列对TMT行为整合的实证研究；（2）基于TMT所处的外部环境来解释TMT组成特征与组织绩效的关系，考察不同情境下TMT组成特征对组织绩效的影响。基于对现有理论和观点的梳理，本文对未来TMT研究提出以下展望：加强TMT认知特征、价值观对团队运作过程及行为的影响研究；引入TMT“过程损失”研究；在现有研究成果的基础上加入对CEO层次变量的考量；深入研究TMT战略决策的作用机制；深化TMT理论的情境研究。

英文摘要：

Since the 1980s, scholars pay more and more attention to the top management team theory studies, and gradually evolve into two major research trends： Firstly, to determine the causal relationship between Compositional traits of TMT and organizational performance, based on TMT characteristics of the content and structure analysis. This studies use demographic features instead of psychological characteristics such as cognition and values, to analyze and predict the TMT performance; Secondly, to explain the mechanism of the causal relationship between Compositional traits of TMT and organizational performance. Such studies are primarily divided into two aspects： （ 1 ） based on the internal operation of TMT. This studies focuse on the medi- ating effect and role between compositional traits of TMT and organizational performance, and thus evolve into a series of empirical research on the behavioral integration of TMT. （2） based on the external effect of TMT, This studies investigate the effects of TMT composition on organizational performance in different situations. Based on existing theories and views, This article proposes the future prospects of the TMT theory studies： the study on the effects of cognitive features and values of TMT on the team operation and behavior; the study on the ＂process losses＂ of TMT; adding the CEO - level variables to the existing research results; the study on the mechanism of the TMT strategic decision - making; deepening the context of the Top Management Team Theory Studies.