中文摘要：

以考核红外预警系统对末敏弹的探测识别效能为应用背景，通过在高空热气球上投放末敏弹，同时利用地面热像仪实时跟踪捕获的实验方法，获得了复杂云层背景下，末敏弹稳态下落过程中的红外图像序列。针对图像模糊、信噪比低等特点，提出一种组合空域滤波的目标检测方法，该方法利用小波阈值和中值滤波去噪，Top—Hat变换抑制背景，最后通过形态学滤波提取目标并增强目标和背景的灰度对比度。多帧检测结果显示：该组合滤波算法能够有效提取实验图像序列中的末敏弹，为进一步的目标跟踪技术研究奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

Taking the infrared early warning system for detecting and identifying the terminal-sensitive projectile （TSP） as application background, thermal camera was used to capture and track the TSP which was thrown from a hot air balloon in real time, and the infrared image sequences in complex cloud layer background of TSP in steady-state falling were obtained. Since infrared images had the features of fuzzy, low SNR et al, a detection algorithm of combination spatial filter was introduced. In this method, the wavelet threshold and median filter algorithm were combined to denoise, the Top-Hat transform was presented to restrain the background, and target feature was extracted and the grayscale contrast between the target and the background was enhanced with the morphological filter. The multi-frame detection results show that the combined filter algorithm can effectively detect the TSP from the experimental image sequences, thus providing basis for further technology research of target tracking.