中文摘要：

万物起源是自然科学永恒的主题和科学研究前沿。现代自然科学近100年来不断在与时俱进的高精尖技术推动下,新发现、新认识、新理论不断涌现。万物起源的探索也不再局限在单个现象的起源探索阶段,而表现为跨大学科的万物统一起源的认知时代。本文系统综合了与地球及其物质起源相关的研究进展,特别是近10年来的进展,以建立天文理论的各种大现象起源为主线,包括宇宙、元素、恒星、原始地球等起源问题。最新研究揭示宇宙起源于137亿年的大爆炸,空间膨胀速度比光速还快,因此爆涨理论是其理论的最新发展;大爆炸10-35 s后可能因自发性破缺,原始＂超力＂开始破裂,出现强核力、电弱力和引力,同时氘、氦类稳定原子出现;10-34 s,宇宙仍很小,只有目前太阳系大小,但温度降到1027 K,强核力与其他两种力分离,宇宙膨胀期结束,进入标准弗里德曼扩充期;宇宙由自由夸克、胶子和轻子的热等离子体＂汤＂组成,自由的夸克浓缩成质子和中子,物质与反物质互相湮灭,但物质超反物质十亿分之一;初始宇宙由各种微观粒子充斥,元素就起源于这些微观粒子的相互碰撞和熔合,现今认为元素形成经历了8个生成阶段;大爆炸10亿年后,宇宙进入恒星浓缩阶段,宇宙温度降至18K,出现第一个星系和恒星,星系内云雾状的尘埃和气体、星云开始聚集并形成恒星;U-Pb法最新测得太阳系的＂时间零点＂为（4 567±1）Ma;从宇宙起始到太阳系出现的约90亿年期间,宇宙可能已经发生了数百代巨大恒星的爆炸;现代星云说认为,原始地球的形成首先是星子聚集成行星胎,然后行星胎再逐渐增生,在约4 550Ma,地球的大小大概是现在的1/2以上,而且在4 530Ma左右早期地核就已经出现;初始比较冷的行星胎由于冲击、压缩和放射性衰变3个效应开始变热,原始地球不断产生热积累,并开始了全球性的

英文摘要：

The origin of everything is the eternal theme of natural science and scientific research in frontier.Modern natural science in the promotion of keeping pace with the sophisticated technology continuously accumulated many new discoveries,very much new knowledge and new theories in recent 100 years.The exploration of origin to everything is no longer confined to an exploration stage of a single phenomenon,and is at the cognitive age of interdisciplinary research for the unified origin of all things＇origin.This paper systematically integrates these advances to the Earth-related origins,especially in the recent 10 years,from the professional popularization perspective.Focusing on the origins of large phenomena in the establishment of astronomy theory as the main line,this paper describes concisely the origins of the universal,elements,star,proto-Earth and others.The latest studies suggest that the universe originates from the Big Bang at 13.7billion years ago and the spatial expanding rate is faster than the speed of light;thus the cosmic inflation theory has become the recent advance of the Big Bang theory.At 10-35 s after the Big Bang the primitive ＂superforces＂starts to break up due to spontaneous broken,and strong nuclear force,electroweak force and gravitational force are generated,meanwhile Deuterium-type and Helium-type stable atoms starts to turn up.At 10-34 s the universe is still small which is only comparable with the present-day solar system,but its temperature has dropped to 1027 K and the nuclear force isolates from the other two forces,the universe finished its expanding period and turned into standard Friedman expansion period.The plasma entropy of the free-quarks and gluon and lepton constitute the universe;the concentrations of the free quarks produce protons and neutrons;matter annihilated with antimatter but exceeded by about one billionth part.The primitive universe was glutted with different microscopic particles and elements were originated from the collision and fusion of these particles