中文摘要：

定向凝固技术是制备具有单一取向要求的凝固组织和高性能材料的重要方法,是研究凝固理论和新型材料的重要手段。在介绍定向凝固技术原理的基础上,评述了传统定向凝固技术的发展及存在的弊端,简述了几种新型定向凝固技术,以及它们在制备新材料中的应用。

英文摘要：

Directional solidification technology is an important method to prepare materials with single orienta- tion structure and advanced properties. It is also an important approach to study solidification theory and new mate- rials. In the present article, the development and the shortcomings of the traditional directional solidification technolo- gies are described on the basis of the directional solidification theory, and new directional solidification technologies and the application are briefly introduced as well.