中文摘要：

自我的活动消耗心理能量后引起执行功能下降的过程称为自我损耗，自我损耗是生活中诸多的适应不良现象的原因之一。近几年，自我损耗理论在发生领域、损耗状态的时限和内在机制等方面均有所发展；对自我损耗影响因素的探究主要集中于认知、情绪及人格特质等领域；自我损耗后效的研究逐渐呈现出应用化的趋势。未来研究需要进一步探究自我损耗的机制，对影响因素和损耗后效上存在的争议进行澄清，并在测量工具上寻找突破以满足理论的发展需求。

英文摘要：

Due to the self-activities, the mental energy is consumed and this mental energy consumption process is called ego depletion. Ego depletion causes many inadaptation problems. In recent years, the theory of ego depletion has developed in terms of many aspects, e.g. the fields of ego depletion, the duration and internal mechanism. The current investigation of factors affecting ego depletion focuses on cognition, emotion and personality traits. The applied research on results of ego depletion has become a new trend. The mechanism of ego depletion should be further investigated in the future, and some existing debates about the influencing factors and results of ego depletion need to be clarified. Moreover, measurement tools need further study in order to improve the ego depletion theory.