中文摘要：

miRNA是一类动、植物细胞中负责转录后调控的非编码RNA,植物的miRNA通常来源于具有茎环结构的单链RNA前体上,加工成熟后同ARGONAUTE转变成蛋白复合体结构,通过结合并沉默蛋白合成模板的方式关闭完整的基因表达网络。由于miRNA存在组织表达的特异性,且miRNA在植物中的表达高度保守。通过高通量测序获得的红花（Carthamus tinctorious L.）miRNA序列信息与红花转录EST数据库比对,通过靶基因预测筛选,对属于104个家族的173个红花miRNA进行预测,其中得到109个miRNAs对应调控的385个红花靶基因。并且通过Nr基因注释表明多数红花miRNA的靶基因编码包括调控细胞生长发育、信号转导及新陈代谢等相关的功能蛋白。

英文摘要：

miRNA is a kind of noncoding RNA in post regulation,plant miRNA come from RNA precursor with hairpin structure.Mature miRNA interacts with a member of the ARGONAUTE protein complexes.The protein complexes are typically located in the 3′ untranslated region of mRNAs leading to inhibition of gene expression.miRNAs were typically conserved in plants.miRNAs sequences database were matched with EST sequences of safflower,109 safflower microRNAs and 385 targets were predicted out.miRNA target genes from safflower were predicted to encode transcription factors or proteins that regulate cell growth and development,signaling,and metabolism.