中文摘要：

口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是最常见的口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤中，尽管在过去几十年里在OSCC诊断、预防以及治疗方面均取得了很大的进步但是对于OSCC的具体发病机制仍十分清楚、也缺乏有效的可被广泛接受的诊断指标；当前的研究认为在OSCC发生、发展中基因因素主要包括基因改变及表观遗传修饰异常，表观遗传修饰是可遗传、可逆转的生物学行为，主要包括DNA甲基化、非编码RNA、组蛋白修饰等；近来研究发现在OSCC肿瘤的发病过程中，表观遗传修饰的改变尤其是DNA甲基化与mi—croRNA在其中扮演着重要的角色，其与OSCC存在着密切的关系；对于二者关系的探索将有助于我们理解OSCC的发病机制，进一步改善OSCC患者临床诊疗的现状。因此，本文对当前表观遗传修饰在OSCC患者中的研究现况进行了综述。

英文摘要：

Oral squamous cell carcinoma （OSCC） is one of the most common cancers. Although significant results have been achieved during the last decades in its diagnosis, prevention and treatment, the accurate mechanism remained unclear and the reliable and acceptable worldwide marker was lacked. Now, genetic factors in the development of OSCC mainly included genetic and epigenetic al- ternations. Epigenetic changes are heritable and potentially reversible including DNA methylation, histone modification, and small non-coding RNAs. Recently, it has been demonstrated that especially aberrant DNA methylation and microRNAs play a critical role in OSCC. The study about the association of epigenefic alternations and OSCC would help us understand further the pathogenesis of OSCC and improve the diagnostic, treatment of OSCC patients. Therefore, the present study reviewed the literature about the role of epigenetic alternation in OSCC.