中文摘要：

通过两年温室盆栽试验，研究了不同磷肥用量下生物碳对土壤磷素含量、棉花生长和养分吸收的影响。试验以棉花秸秆为原料制备生物碳，制成三种热解温度（450℃、600℃和750℃）的生物碳，分别以BC450、 BC600和BC750表示，同时以空白土壤为对照（ CK）；磷肥（ P2 O5）用量设3个水平0、0.25、0.5 g/kg（分别以P0、P1、 P2表示）。研究结果表明，施用生物碳可显著提高土壤磷素含量及其有效性，随着生物碳热解温度的升高，土壤水溶性磷、速效磷及全磷含量均显著增加，且对三种磷素含量的影响表现为水溶性磷＞全磷＞速效磷。施用生物碳处理两年棉花的干物质重均显著高于对照，但不同热解生物碳处理对两年棉花干物质重的影响各异。施用生物碳可显著增加棉花养分吸收量，总体表现为750℃＞600℃＞450℃。因此，施用生物碳可显著提高土壤磷素含量，促进棉花生长和养分吸收；热解温度是影响生物碳质量的重要因素，生物碳的热解温度越高（450750℃），其促进作用越好。

英文摘要：

Influence of biochar on soil phosphorus （ P ） , cotton growth and nutrient uptake under different phosphorus fertilizer application rates was evaluated with a pot experiment in years of 2011 and 2012.Biochar was produced from dried cotton stalks via pyrolysis in oxygen-limited conditions .Three types of biochar produced at 450℃, 600℃ and 750℃ （ BC450 , BC600 and BC750 ） were used as the soil organic amendment , and an untreated soil was set as control （CK） in this study.Each soil treatment was applied with three levels of P fertilizer （P2O5） as 0, 0.25 and 0.5 g/kg of soil weight （P0, P1 and P2）.The experiment was that of 4×3 factorial design with four biochar treatments （BC450, BC600, BC750 and CK） and three P application rates （P0, P1 and P2）.Cotton was planted for two consecutive growth seasons in 2011 and 2012.The results show that the soil P content and availability are significantly improved with biochar added .With the increase of pyrolysis temperature of biochar, the contents of water-soluble P, available P and total P in soil are increased significantly , and the order of influence of biochar on soil P content is water-soluble P＆gt;total P＆gt;available P.The dry matter amounts of cotton are significantly higher under the biochar treatments than those under the control （ CK） in both 2011 and 2012, but there are differences among three biochar treatments between 2011 and 2012.The P uptake of cotton is also promoted with biochar added .The order of cotton nutrients uptake under three biochar treatments is BC 750 ＆gt;BC600 ＆gt;BC450.These results suggest that biochar can increase soil P content , and enhance cotton growth and nutrients uptake .Thus, pyrolysis temperature is a vital factor for biochar , and the high temperature （ 750℃） biochar treatment demonstrates higher soil P , cotton dry matter weight and P uptake compared to the low temperature （450℃） biochar.