中文摘要：

目的研究N-甲基亚硝基脲诱导大鼠原位膀胱癌模型的构建过程以及计算机断层扫描对大鼠原位膀胱癌的诊断价值。方法50只SD大鼠随机分为两组,对照组A组15只,实验组B组35只。B组大鼠经尿道膀胱内灌注MNU每两周一次,每次2 mg,共4次。A组大鼠用生理盐水以同样的方法灌注。于第14周末对两组大鼠进行膀胱CT扫描诊断,并且处死后取膀胱组织行病理学观察。结果B组28只大鼠CT扫描膀胱均见明显异常,表现为局部肿块突起或膀胱壁不规则增厚、密度不均,病理诊断均为膀胱癌。A组13只大鼠经CT扫描未发现膀胱肿瘤,病理检查未见肿瘤组织。结论MNU可以诱导大鼠原位膀胱癌模型的建立。CT扫描可作为大鼠原位膀胱癌诊断的可靠方法,并能为肿瘤的化疗或放疗等后续实验提供更好的大鼠模型。

英文摘要：

Objective To establish an orthotopic rat model of bladder cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea（MNU） and to evaluate the diagnostic value of CT（computed tomography） scanning in this experimental model.Methods 50 SD rats were randomly divided into the control group（group A） with 15 rats and experimental group（group B） with 35 rats.Each rat of group B was treated with 2 mg MNU per dose every other week,totally 4 doses,by per urethra administration.Meanwhile,each rat of group A was treated with normal saline.Then,at the 14^th week,all the rats were evaluated by CT scanning and pathological examination.Results Abnormal changes were detected in each of the 28 rats in group B by CT scanning,and manifested as local mass,thickening bladder wall accompanied with heterogeneous density.Bladder cancer was diagnosed by pathology.However,no bladder tumor was detected by CT scanning and pathological examination in group A.Conclusion A rat model of orthotopic bladder cancer can be established by per urethra administration of MNU.CT scanning is a reliable diagnostic technique concerning this model.Furthermore,this technique can render us a more suitable rat model for further experimental studies on chemotherapy and radiotherapy of bladder cancer.