中文摘要：

系统地研究了亚微米聚苯乙烯微球在气-液界面的组装机理．聚苯乙烯微球在介质对流的带动下会到达悬浮液的表面并在气．液界面组装，气-液界面处聚苯乙烯微球间由弯液面产生的毛细管力是组装的推动力．界面处聚苯乙烯微球在干燥过程中其润湿性发生了转变，由完全润湿到部分润湿并最终变成不润湿，相应的聚苯乙烯微球与分散介质间接触角也逐渐增大．研究表明，只有接触角达到或超过某数值θ′critical时，才能够出现气-液界面组装现象．考虑到PS胶粒晶体的表面是“规则”粗糙的表面，由Wenzel公式知θ′critical。大于测量值θ=22°．聚苯乙烯微球润湿性的转变是界面组装发生和持续进行的关键性因素．

英文摘要：

The mechanism of polystyrene submicrospheres assembling in aqueous suspension was studied systemically. During the evaporation of solvent, the PS spheres were transported to the water-air inter-surface, where these spheres self-assemble into colloidal crystal through the capillary force between the particles at water-air interface. The wettability of the PS spheres at the water-air interface changes from complete wetting to partial wetting and finally to non-wetting with the evaporation of water, so that the contact angle between the PS spheres and water increases gradually. The experiment showed that only after the contact angle reached a critical value θ′, could the PS sphere-assembly occur. The critical value θ′ obtained from the Wenzel equation was greater than the measured value θ′critical=22°because the surface of the PS colloidal crystal was ＂regularly＂ coarse. The change of the PS spheres at water-air interface from the hydrophilic to hydrophobic is essential for the PS spheres to assemble into colloidal crystals.