中文摘要：

根据黄河中上游流域冰水情监测以及预防凌汛灾害的需求,设计了一种适合黄河河道的冰水情自动测报系统.该系统由基于空气、冰与水电阻特性差异的冰层厚度传感器、DS18B20的温度梯度传感器以及智能处理仪构成.采用该系统在内蒙托克托县黄河河道进行了黄河封冻期河道冰层厚度连续监测试验,获取了大量的现场实测数据,对采样数据进行分析,提出了判别冰层厚度的平均滤波算法,实现了对冰层生消变化全过程的自动监测.

英文摘要：

This paper designed a Yellow River hydrological automatic measuring and reporting system,according to the requirements of hydrological monitoring and ice flood prevention in middle and upper reaches of Yellow River.The system consists of ice thickness sensor which is based on the difference in resistance among air,ice and water,DS18B20 temperature gradient sensors and intelligent processing apparatus.This system has been adopted in the continuous monitoring ice thickness test during the frozen period of Yellow River＇s channel bank in Tuoketuo County,Inner Mongolia,and a large amount of on-the-spot data have been obtained.The paper proposed the average filtering algorithm to classify ice thickness,and realized the whole automatic monitoring to the ice by analyzing the sampled data.