中文摘要：

结核病是结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mtb）感染所引起的一种传染性疾病,是影响人类健康的主要杀手之一.机体抗Mtb感染应答的激活过程受到多种机制的调控,其中感染局部的免疫微环境具有决定性作用.本文将从机体抗Mtb感染免疫应答、Mtb免疫逃逸以及免疫微环境组成的众分子等多方面进行综述.

英文摘要：

Tuberculosis （TB）, an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis （Mtb） infection,remains a major global concern.The activation of anti-TB immune responses is mediated by several complicated mechanisms, among which the local immune microenvironment at the disease site plays a crucial role.In this review, we discuss the roles of anti-TB immunity, Mtb immune escape and the elements at the local site of infection.