中文摘要：

近年来金属有机骨架（MOF）以其独特的结构特点（高比表面积、织构性质可调以及暴露的金属离子可以100%利用）引起了催化学者的极大重视,本文评述了与传统催化材料（如分子筛）相比,金属有机骨架作为催化材料的优点与不足,针对多数MOF中处于节点的金属离子被配体配位饱和而不具备催化活性这一弊端,本文基于对这一问题的最新研究进展总结了在MOF上创立催化活性位的4种方法：即前合成法、后合成共价修饰法、浸渍法以及沉淀法,讨论了这4种方法各自的优缺点,并详细介绍了这些方法在催化反应中的探索和应用,指出MOF在催化领域需要重视的问题和未来的研究方向,以期对MOF在催化领域的研究和开发提供参考。

英文摘要：

Due to its unique structural characteristics （the high specific surface area,tailoring structure properties and 100% utilization of exposed metal ions）,metal organic framework （MOF） materials have drawn great attention on catalysis in recent years.However,the drawbacks of no open metal ions and poor thermal stability limit their application in catalysis.This tutorial review presents recent developments of the emerging field of MOF based catalysis.We summarize four distinct strategies： pre-synthesis method,post-synthesis modification,impregnation method and precipitation method,which have been utilized to create catalytic active sites in MOF.Examples of the catalytic reactions based on the created active sites in the MOF are then followed.It has been shown that the pre-synthesis method is widely used in creating catalytic active sites in the MOF.MOF with active sites created by the pre-synthesis and the post-synthesis modification method may act as＂shape selective catalysis＂ as zeolite.Usually as a Lewis acid catalyst,MOFs are capable of being very active for many reactions,especially at temperature below 100℃ .A critical comment on these methods and catalytic explorations has been addressed in order to guide the newcomer to this field.