中文摘要：

私有信息检索是安全多方计算的重要问题。传统对称私有信息检索（SPIR）的很多假设在量子信息机制下非常脆弱，其安全性受到挑战。目前已提出的量子私有信息检索大都不易实施，该文提出基于偏振旋转的对称量子私有信息检索协议和实验方案。实验方案利用单光子的偏振旋转产生量子密文，不需要复杂的计算，便于硬件实现。协议的无条件安全性由量子力学Heisenberg测不准原理及不可克隆原理保证，并增加了用户诚实性检测，在所提出的非诚实合作模型下，非诚实用户的恶意行为不会造成隐私的泄露，在安全性、鲁棒性、抗第三方窃听等方面均优于经典环境的多种方案。

英文摘要：

Private information retrieval is the important issue of secure multi-party computation. Many assumptions of traditional Symmetric Private Information Retrieval （SPIR） are vulnerable in quantum mechanics and the present quantum SPIR protocols are complex to implement. A symmetric quantum SPIR protocol and experiment realization scheme are proposed. This scheme bases on polarized single photons to generate the key, so it has the advantage of simple operation and easy to hardware implement. The unconditional security of the protocol is guaranteed by Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum no-cloning theory. Dishonest user detection is involved in the protocol, the dishonest users could not get any information by malicious behavior under the dishonest cooperation model. The proposed scheme has better performance at security, robustness, anti-third party eavesdropping than many classical SPIR schemes.