中文摘要：

目的 探讨西安地区出生体重＞2 000 g早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的发生情况及临床特征.方法 回顾性系列病例研究.对2008年1月至2012年12月在第四军医大学西京医院眼科ROP筛查与治疗中心行ROP筛查的受检儿童资料进行回顾性描述分析.共有1 866例儿童（3 732只眼）接受检查,其中男1 166例,女700例;孕（34±4）周（24 ～ 46周）出生;出生体重（2 106 ±743） g（730～4 900 g）.筛查同时详细询问并记录受检儿童的相关资料,如出生孕周、出生体重、持续吸氧和呼吸机使用情况,是否有窒息、缺血缺氧性脑病、新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺炎、黄疸、贫血、先天性心脏病等疾病;以及妊娠期间母亲健康状况,包括是否有妊娠性高血压、羊水早破、胎盘早剥和前置胎盘等.通过百分位数法计算所有ROP患儿出生体重的P90和P95.将出生体重＞2 000 g的ROP患儿视为高出生体重患儿,≤2 000 g者为低出生体重患儿.对高出生体重组和低出生体重组患儿ROP特征进行对比分析.对ROP筛查数据分别进行t检验、x2检验或Fisher精确检验.结果 所有受检儿童中,筛查出各期ROP患儿243例（468只眼）,检出率为13.0％,其中需要治疗的（严重程度在阈值前病变Ⅰ型以上者）96例,占39.5％.243例ROP患儿出生体重的P90和P95分别为2 060 g和2 240 g.若将出生体重≤2 000 g作为筛查标准,有9.9％的ROP患儿未被涵盖.高出生体重的24例ROP患儿,孕（33±3）周（28～ 40周）出生,出生体重（2 411±354）g（2 100～3 300 g）,其中需要治疗者6例（6.3％）.与低出生体重ROP患儿相比,其病情严重程度和全身发病危险因素无差异（P＞0.05）.结论 西安地区ROP患儿中,高出生体重者占有一定比例;与低出生体重ROP患儿相比,其病变程度和性质并无特殊性.

英文摘要：

Objective To survey popularity and clinical characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity （ROP） in Xi＆#39;an area in infants with birth weight over 2 000 g.Methods Retrospective case-series study.ROP screening data of 1 866 infants was collected and reviewed from Department of Ophthalmology,Xijing Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012.One thousand eight hundreds and sixty-six cases （3 732 eyes） with 1 166 males and 700 females were examined.Their gestation age was （34 ± 4）weeks （24-46 weeks）,and birth weight was （2 106 ± 743）g （730-4 900 g）.All the related information about infants accepted examinations was screened,inquired and recorded carefully,such as gestation age,birth weight,continuous inhalation of oxygen and respirator applied records.Whether they had asphyxia,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,acute respiratory distress syndrome,pneumonia,jaundice,anemia,congenital heart disease was also recorded.Moreover the physical situations of maternity including gestational hypertension,premature rupture of amniotic fluid,placenta abruption and placenta previa were also assessed.Percentiles （P90 and P95） of birth weight in ROP infants were calculated.Birth weight over 2 000 g in ROP patients was identified as high birth weight,whereas birth weight less than 2 000 g was confirmed as low birth weight.Clinical characteristics were compared in the two groups.T-test,Chi-square test,and Fisher＆#39;s exact test were used for this study.Results In all the infants examined,243 cases were screened out as ROP patients with different stages.The positive rate was 13.0%.Among them,96 cases needed to be treated which was 39.5%.They were severer than pre-threshold Type Ⅰ.P90 and P95 of birth weight percentiles of these ROP infants were 2 060 g and 2 240 g.If birth weight less than 2 000 g was coufirmed as screen guideline,9.9% patients might be excluded.There were 24 ROP infants whose birth weight were over 2 000 g with gestation age of （33 ±3）weeks（28-40 weeks）,and with birth weigh