中文摘要：

2003年6月至2004年6月，对汉江流域上游支流—黑竹冲河的大型底栖动物群落结构与生物多样性进行了深入研究，结果表明：河流生物群落结构和生物多样性比较复杂，河流功能状况良好．在采集到的85种大型底栖动物中，昆虫占71种；群落表现出明显的时空特点，具边缘效应的第4采样点物种最丰富，2月份物种最多，达50种；生物多样性指数周年动态显示，第1采样点的物种多样性变动最为平稳，第5采样点变动最大，其它各点居中；各微生境中共有种占据优势，物种相似性均大于60％；群落春季的多样性高于夏季，夏季高于秋季；功能摄食群则以收集者占优，共计达68种群落密度在1月份达到最大，为1843ind／m^2；而生物量则在10月份达到最大，为228．7393g／m^2。

英文摘要：

The community structure and biodiversity of macrozoobenthos in lower grade river-Heizhuchong stream of Hanjiang River Basin was investigated from June, 2003 to June, 2004. The results showed that the community structure and biodiversity was complex, which indicates that the ecological function of the stream goes well. Among the collected 85 species, 71 were insect species. The community structure exhibited an obvious spatial and temporal variation, Site 4 with fringe effect possessing the most species, and in February there existed 50 species, much more than those in other months. The annual dynamics of biodiversity indexes suggested that Site 1 kept more stable and Site 5 appeared more variable than those in other sites. More than 60% of the collected species could inhabit in six different microhabitats. Biodiversity in spring was much greater than that in summer, and that in summer was yet greater than that in fall. Based on Wetzel＇ s functional feeding group concept, 80% community species were gathering-filtering collectors. The density of the community reached its peak at 1843 ind/m^2 in January, and biomass attained its peak at 228. 7393 g/m^2 in October.