中文摘要：

对2016年诺贝尔物理学奖的获奖工作以及背景知识进行了通俗而力求准确的介绍，考察了科学思想的历史发展过程以及三位获奖科学家的经历，最后总结了这次获奖成就的意义以及给我们的启示。

英文摘要：

A popular accurate introduction is made for the prize-winning work and related background knowledge for 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics. The historical development leading to these theoretical discoveries and the careers of the three Nobel Laureates are also investigated. The paper is concluded with the implications of these achievements as well as the lessons we can learn.