中文摘要：

根据2015年5月~2016年4月在长江口东滩湿地东北水域的芦苇（Phragmites australis）和海三棱藨草（Scirpus mariqueter）生境下采集的鱼类样本数据,分析了该两种盐沼植被生境下鱼的种类分布等差异。结果表明：共采集到鱼类15种（类）,隶属5科;其中,芦苇生境发现8种（类）鱼类,海三棱藨草生境发现11种（类）。虎鱼科鱼类最多,占种（类）数的73%;鲤科、胎鳉科、鲻科和鮨科各仅发现1种。本次调查未采集到鱼卵,仔鱼数量比例占35.1%,稚鱼比例为56.4%,幼鱼比例为6.4%,成鱼比例仅为2.1%。芦苇生境中,仔鱼和稚鱼占总尾数比例为38.1%和33.3%,幼鱼比例也较高,为19.0%;海三棱藨草生境中,仔鱼和稚鱼比例分别为32.9%和65.7%,但幼鱼比例较芦苇生境下降较多,仅为1.4%。总体来说,密度较高的鱼种有大鳍弹涂鱼（Periophthalmus magnuspinnatus）、虎鱼科1种（Gobiidae sp1.）、大弹涂鱼（Boleophthalmus pectinirostris）、吻虎鱼属1种（Rhinogobius sp.）、食蚊鱼（Gambusia affinis）等,密度较低的鱼种有鮻（Liza haematocheila）、纹缟虎鱼（Tridentiger trigonocephalus）、刺虎鱼属1种（Acanthogobius sp.）和飘鱼属1种（Pseudolaubuca sp.）。从体长来看,所有鱼类的标准体长均小于35 mm,表明芦苇和海三棱藨草生境是鱼类特别是虎鱼类早期发育生活史的重要栖息场所之一。从密度来看,芦苇生境内鱼类的密度仅是海三棱藨草的25%,其中6~7月前者的鱼类密度比后者低92%,因芦苇生境的水深很浅造成鱼类难以进入芦苇水域。海三棱藨草因高程较芦苇低约0.9 m,同时更靠近光滩,更有利于潮下带鱼类进入植被区栖息,本研究结果显示,海三棱藨草对鱼类的生境价值较芦苇而言更为重要。

英文摘要：

Based on the data of sampled fishes under two marsh plants of reed Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter habitat from May 2015 to April 2016,the paper analyzed the differences between these two plant habitats and fish species composition. The results showed that 15 fish species or categories（including 6 unidentified species） belonging to 5 families were collected. In Phragmites australis,8 fish species or categories were collected and 11 fish species or categories were collected in Scirpus mariqueter. In these families,Gobiidae had the largest number of species（73% of total number of species）,but other 4 families（Cyprinidae,Poeciliidae,Mugilidae and Serranidae） had only 1 spices each. During the sampling period,fish eggs could not be collected,while 35. 1% of larvae,56. 4% of juveniles,6. 4% young and only 2. 1 %adult fishes individuals were collected. Under the reed Phragmites australis habitat,the proportion of larvae and juveniles was 38. 1% and 33. 3%,respectively,and the proportion of young fishes was also relatively high（19. 0%）. Under Scirpus mariqueter habitat,the proportion of larvae and juveniles was 32. 9% and65. 7%,respectively,but the proportion of young fishes declined drastically compared with the Phragmitts australis habitat（only 1. 4%）. In summary, the fish species in higher density were Periophthalmus magnuspinnatus,Boleophthalmus pectinirostris,Gobiidae sp1.,Rhinogobius sp. and Gambusia affinis,and the fish species in lower density were Liza haematocheila,Tridentiger trigonocephalus,Acanthogobius sp. and Pseudolaubuca sp.. The standard body lengths of all fishes were less than 35 mm,which suggested that these two marsh plants of reed Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter habitats were of great value for the earlystage fishes,especially Gobiidae. The density of Phragmites australis during the whole sampling period was only 25% of that of Scirpus mariqueter. From June to July,the fish density in former habitat was 92% lower than that in the later habitat because of