中文摘要：

横断山区气象观测站稀少且多分布在河谷之中,气温资料极度匮乏,严重影响山区地理与生态研究。随着遥感技术的发展,热红外遥感数据,结合地面观测数据,可以用来推测山区气温。本文通过对横断山区2001年-2007年间64个气象台站的多年月平均气温数据（Ta）与Modis地表温度多年月平均值（Ts）进行了时序分析和回归分析,并取得如下研究结果：（1）Ts与Ta具有非常好的线性相关关系,89%的台站的决定系数高于0.5;95%的台站的标准误差都低于3oC,84.4%的台站标准误差低于2.5oC;12个月份的Ts与Ta的决定系数R2在0.63～0.90之间,标准误差在2.22～3.05oC之间。（2）研究区内月均气温的变化范围在-2.25～15.64oC之间;生长季（5-9月份）的月均气温变化范围为：10.44～15.64oC。（3）等温线的海拔高度自山体外围向内部逐渐升高,与山体效应的增温效应相吻合;0oC等温线自10月份从海拔4700±500m左右逐渐降低,至1月份降至最低点,约在3500±500m左右,此后,逐渐回升,至次年5月份再次达到4700±500m左右,也就是说横断山区5200m以下的广大山区全年至少有6～12个月的气温在0oC以上。研究表明：可以利用Modis月均地表温度结合地面观测台站的数据较精确的估算山区月均气温。

英文摘要：

Climatic conditions are difficult to obtain in high mountain areas due to few meteorological stations and,if any,their poorly representative locations in valleys.Fortunately,remote sensing data can be used to estimate near-surface air temperature（Ta） and other climatic conditions.This paper makes use of recorded meteorological data and MODIS data on land surface temperature（Ts） to estimate monthly mean air temperatures in the Hengduan Mountains.A total of 64 weather stations and 84 MODIS images for seven years（2001 to 2007） are used for analysis.Regression analysis and spatio-temporal analysis of monthly mean Ts vs.monthly mean Ta are carried out,showing that recorded Ta is closely related to MODIS Ts in the study region（mean R 2 = 0.72） and the mean standard error of 2.07 o C.The regression analysis of monthly mean Ts vs.Ta for every month of all the stations shows that monthly mean Ts can be used to accurately estimate monthly mean Ta（R 2 ranging from 0.63 to 0.90 and standard error between 2.22 o C and 3.05 o C） .Thirdly,the retrieved monthly mean Ta for the whole study region varies between-2.25 o C（in January,the coldest month） and 15.64 o C（in July,the warmest month） ,and for the warm（growing） season（May-September） ,it is from 10.44 o C to 15.64 o C.Finally,the elevation of isotherms is greater in the central mountain ranges than that in the outer margins;the 0 o C isotherm occurs at elevations of about 4700±500 m in October,and it drops to 3500±500 m in January,and ascends back to 4700±500 m in May next year,which means that monthly mean Ta in the areas below 5200 m is above 0 o C for 6 to 12 months.This clearly indicates that MODIS data could be used to have an accurate estimation of air temperature in mountain regions.