中文摘要：

中药材的真伪对于中医临床用药具有至关重要的作用。作为中药鉴定的重要组成部分，DNA分子标记技术已越来越广泛地应用于中药材的真伪鉴别。近年来，涌现出许多中药分子鉴定新方法，但对于这些新方法的系统比较分析尚未见报道。本文以药材金银花真伪鉴别为例，比较了表达序列标签-简单重复序列多态性、聚合酶链式反应-限制性酶切长度多态性、位点特异性PCR、DNA条形码技术和环介导等温扩增技术的原理、特点、检测方法以及检测时间和应用范围等，并针对各方法的缺陷提出相应的改进措施，以期筛选到适合金银花快速真伪鉴别的方法，也为其他中药材分子鉴别研究提供示范。

英文摘要：

Authentications of Chinese herbal medicine have a critical effect in Chinese clinical medicine. DNA molecular marker, as an important component for true or false authentication, is more and more widely used in iden-tification of Chinese medicinal materials. At the same time, many new methods for authentication of Chinese medici-nal materials are continuously emerging. But the systematically comparative analysis of these new methods is lack. The present study taking Lonicera japonica as an example, systematically compared principles, characteristics, ex-periment methods, detection time and the application scope of express sequence tag-simple sequence repeat （EST-SSR）, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP）, allele-specific PCR （AS-PCR）, DNA barcoding and loop-mediated isothermal amplification （LAMP）, and put forward corresponding improve-ment opinions. This study can help to screen appropriate approach for rapid authentication of L. japonica and offer demonstrating to other Chinese herbal medicines.