中文摘要：

以离石一军渡高速公路师婆沟隧道下伏同德煤矿采空区为地质原型，采用相似材料模拟实验方法，研究了交通荷载作用下采空区覆岩移动及地表残余变形特征，依据有关标准评价了采空区的稳定性。实验结果表明：随着交通荷载的增加，采空区冒落带、裂隙带、弯沉带的残余下沉量和地表残余变形都呈不同程度地增大；交通荷载作用下的采空区岩体重新“活化”，采空区处于不稳定状态，必须采取措施对采空区进行工程治理。该项研究为采空区地基处理、采空区上方构筑物布置及其抗变形结构设计提供了科学依据。

英文摘要：

With goaf of Tongde coal mine beneath Shipogou tunnel of Lishi-Jundu expressway as geological background, the characteristics of overburden movement and the earth＇s surface residual deformation under traffic load were studied by using similar material simulation, and the stability of goaf was evaluated according to related standards. The results indicate that with the increase of traffic load, both the residual subsidence in caving zone, fractured zone, bending zone and the surface residual deformation of goaf increasd to different degrees; the rock mass of goaf was in activation over again; the goaf was at unstable state under traffic load,therefore, measures were needed for goaf treatment. The results provide scientific basis for goaf foundation treatment, layout of structure above goal and its anti-deformation design.