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中文摘要：
通过模板法制备了一种新型耐甲醇氧还原电催化剂——氮掺杂中空碳微球@铂纳米粒子复合材料（HNCMS@PtNPs）。首先,将铂纳米粒子负载于氨基化二氧化硅微球上,获得PtNPs/SiO_2复合材料。然后通过多巴胺自聚合反应在PtNPs/SiO_2复合材料上包裹聚多巴胺（PDA）膜,将其在氮气气氛中直接进行碳化处理并通过氢氟酸溶液刻蚀去除SiO_2,获得了内嵌有PtNPs的氮掺杂中空碳微球,标记为HNCMS@PtNPs复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、比表面积分析仪和X射线光电子能谱仪对HNCMS@PtNPs复合材料的形貌和结构进行了表征。采用循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法研究了HNCMS@PtNPs复合材料的电催化氧还原性能。结果表明：HNCMS@PtNPs催化剂的Pt载量高达11.9%（w,质量分数）,对氧还原反应具有高电催化活性、高稳定性和优良的抗甲醇性能,是一种具有应用潜力的直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFCs）阴极电催化剂。
英文摘要：
A new methanol-tolerant oxygen reduction electrocatalyst,nitrogen-doped hollow carbon microspheres@platinum nanoparticles hybrids（HNCMS@PtNPs）,has been synthesized by a facile template route.In brief,PtNPs were loaded on the surface of NH2-functionalized SiO_2microspheres（PtNPs/SiO_2）.Then,the PtNPs/SiO_2 hybrids were wrapped by polydopamine（PDA） film.After direct carbonization of PDA-wrapped PtNPs/SiO_2 hybrids under a nitrogen atmosphere and further treatment in a hydrofluoric acid solution,PtNPs embedded within nitrogen-doped hollow carbon microsphere（HNCMS） were obtained and labeled as HNCMS@PtNPs.Scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,Raman spectroscopy,specific surface area analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the HNCMS@PtNPs hybrids.The electrochemical properties of the HNCMS@PtNPs hybrids for oxygen reduction reaction have also been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry.The results show that the Pt loading mass in the HNCMS@PtNPs hybrids is up to 11.9%（w,mass fraction）.Furthermore,the as-prepared HNCMS@PtNPs catalyst exhibits good electrocatalytic activity,high stability,and excellent methanol-tolerance toward oxygen reduction reactions,implying potential applications in practical direct methanol fuel cells（DMFCs） as methanol-tolerant cathodic catalysts.
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